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Guiana

French Guiana · South America

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The Guianas, also spelled Guyanas or Guayanas, are a geographical region in north-eastern South America. In contemporary use, the term usually refers to "the three Guianas": Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana. More broadly, it refers to the South American coast from the mouth of the Orinoco to the mouth of the Amazon. From West to East the region is divided into: formerly Spanish or Venezuelan Guiana, now the Delta Amacuro State and Guayana Region of Venezuela; formerly British Guiana, now Guyana, independent since 1966. formerly Dutch Guiana or Surinam, now Suriname, independent since 1975. French Guiana, an overseas department and region of France. formerly Portuguese or Brazilian Guiana, now the Amapá State of Brazil. The three Guianas have a combined population of 1,718,651; Guyana: 804,567, Suriname: 612,985, and French Guiana: 301,099. Most of the population is along the coast. Due to the jungles to the south, the Guianas are one of the most sparsely populated regions on Earth. Prior to c. 1815 there was a string of mostly Dutch settlements along the coast which changed hands several times. They were mostly several kilometres upriver to avoid the coastal marshes which were only drained later. British Guiana (before 1793 part of Dutch Guiana): Berbice (183 km (114 mi) SE of Georgetown) — 1627 Dutch, 1781-1831: like Essequebo Dutch Guiana Demerara (Georgetown) — 1745 Dutch from Essequibo, 1781-1831: like Essequibo Essequibo (32 km (20 mi) NW of Georgetown) — c 1616 Dutch, 1665 British occupation, 1781 British occupation, 1782 French occupation, 1783 Dutch reacquisit

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